Chapter 11-1 Early Industry and Inventions

Free Enterprise and Factories:

A. The early 1800’s brought about the Industrial Revolution

1. Factory machines replaced hand tools

2. Manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work

B. The factory system brought workers and machines in one place – the factory

1. New England used factories and powered them with water.

2. Women and children were hired to work in factories making low wages

3. Lowell mills was well known for hiring young girls to work long hours

A new way to manufacture:

A. Interchangeable parts: like parts can replace faulty parts

B. Steam boats: Steamboats carried people and goods faster and farther

C. Robert Fulton invented a steamboat that could move against currents and wind

D. Samuel Morse invented the telegraph – this sent messages across distances and increased communication.

E. Technology improves farming

1. The plow was invented by John Deere

2. Mechanical reaper and threshing machines